In-vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of methanol extract of brassica oleracae against selected bacterias

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in- vitro antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Brassica Oleracae study against selected bacterias

DESIGN: The study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Pakistan

METHOD: The agar diffusion method was used to measure zones of inhibition in millimeter [mm] against organisms Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli and Proteus. Values of growth inhibitory zones are expressed as mean + SD [standard deviation] of three triplicates i.e n=3

RESULTS: The methanol extract of Brassica oleracae exhibited distinct zones of inhibition at all the concentrations i.e 10mg/ml, 20mg/ml, 40mg/ml, and 100mg/ml towards all bacterial strains under study i.e staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus, Escherichia coli and proteus against the methanol control which did not show any growth inhibitory zone. Methanol extract of Brassica oleracae showed widest inhibitory zone toward E.coli [16.98+0.00] followed by proteus [13.10+0.55], streptococcus [12.00+0.00], staph epidermidis [11.10+1.3] and staph aureus [11.02+0.67] at the concentration of 100mg/ml of extract, in comparison to methanol control which did not manifest any growth inhibitory zone [0.00]. The diameters of zones of inhibition were found to increase in size with increase in concentration of extract. However, the antibacterial activity against streptococci was almost same at 20mg/ml and 40mg/ml of concentration of extract [9.33+0.17 and 9.10+0.00 respectively]. Results were also compared with the standard antibacterial agent against chloramphenicol at a concentration of 100 microg /ml

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that of Brassica Oleracae may be use as anti-bacterial agent, thus providing ailing mankind a wonderful gift from nature

Effect of uric acid on vitamin C and E in induced hyperuricemic model

To measure the level of uric acids and find out the effect of uric acid on vit C and E in induced hyperuricemic model. Comparative study. This study was conducted at Baqai Medical University, Karachi from June 2010 to January 2011. Forty male albino rats with an average weight of 180 +/- 2 g were selected. The rats were grouped. The animals were fed on standards diet and given tap water ad libitum untril treatment. The protocols for experiment was according to institute of laboratory animal resources on life sciences, US National research council, 1996 and institutional animal ethical committee [IAEC] of baqai medical university, Karachi. Albino rats were divided into four groups. Group [A] 10 - control given only standard diet, group B[10] fed on 60% fructose with standard diet, group C[10] fed on fructose, standard diet and intraperitonially oxonic acid 250 mg/kg and group D[10] only on injection intraperotonially oxonic acid 250mg/kg. at the end of study 10 ml of blood was drawn from heart of rats. Then blood was estimated for vitamin C,E and uric acids done by kit methods randox-manual /Rx monza UA230/UA233. The concentration of vitamin C and E were significantly lowered as compared to uric acid concentration in the group B, C and D. Decrease level of vit C and E increase the level uric acids were observed. Therefore, it may be suggested that increase intake of vitamin C may be helpful in lowering uric acid concentration

Comparison of Losartan and Amlodipine in hypertensive type-II diabetic patients

The present study assesses whether Losartan and Amlodipine, alone or in combination, prevent microalbuminuria in hypertensive type II diabetic patients. Department of pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute [BMSI], Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi from June 2006 to January 2007. In this study 60 hypertensive diabetic patients were divided into 3 groups having 20 each. Group 'N' patients were kept as control, group 'A' patients were treated with Losartan, 50 mg once daily, group 'B' with Amlodipine 10 mg once daily and Group 'C' patients were given a combination of both the drugs i.e. tab losartan and tab amlodipine. Tablet Glibenclamide 5 mg was given according to the glicemic control. Although all the three groups showed a comparable effect in lowering both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure but the effect on proteinuria was variable. Losartan treated patients in Group 'A' shows marked reduction of proteinuria but non-significant change in creatinine clearance. In Group 'B' the patients who were treated with Amlodipine showed significant reduction in creatinine clearance, but non-significant change in proteinuria and Group 'C' patients showed countable reduction in proteinuria but a non-significant increase was observed in creatinine clearance. The results suggest that in hypertensive type II diabetic patients Losartan is worthwhile reducing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and proteinuria significantly